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> Pool capacity

 

Total alkalinity is the measure of the ability of water to resist fluctuations in pH levels. Alkalinity serves as the governor of pH change.
 
Low alkalinity:
- pH will tend to fluctuate and be out of range.
- Metal parts are likely to corrode (if low alkalinity levels are prolonged).
- The pool's surface may become stained (if low alkalinity levels are prolonged).
- In extreme cases, can cause pitting of concrete.
 
High alkalinity:
- Makes it difficult to make the needed pH adjustments.
- Can cause cloudy water.
- Can cause scale formation, which may also lead to plugged filters and reduce circulation of pool water.
Proper Ranges:      
Pool Type Low Ideal Range High
Plaster Pool 0-70 ppm 90-120 ppm 130+ ppm
Fiberglass 0-90 ppm 90-110 ppm 160+ ppm
Painted Pool
0-90 ppm 80-110 ppm 160+ ppm
Vinyl Pool
0-90 ppm 80-110 ppm 160+ ppm
To Adjust Total Alkalinity:
TO RAISE ALKALINITY - Orca Pacific's alkalinity-up.
TO LOWER ALKALINITY - Add acid.
 
Dosage Charts:
Increasing alkalinity, using bicarbonate of soda in a SWIMMING POOL
ppm Increase Desired
10,000 gal. 25,000 gal. 50,000 gal. 75,000 gal. 100,000 gal. 200,000 gal. 500,000 gal. 750,000 gal. 1,000,000 gal.
10 1.5 lb 3.75 lb
7.5 lb
11.25 lb
15 lb
30 lb
75 lb 112.5 lb
150 lb
20 3.0 lb
7.5 lb
15.0 lb
22.5 lb
30 lb
60 lb
150 lb 225 lb 300 lb
30 4.5 lb
11.25 lb
22.5 lb
33.75 lb
45 lb
90 lb
225 lb 337.5 lb
450 lb
40 6.0 lb
15.0 lb
30.0 lb
45 lb
60 lb
120 lb
300 lb 450 lb 600 lb
50 7.5 lb
18.75 lb
37.5 lb
56.25 lb
75 lb
150 lb 375 lb 562.5 lb
750 lb
60 9.0 lb
22.5 lb
45.0 lb
67.5 lb
90 lb
180 lb 450 lb 675.5 lb
900 lb
70 10.5 lb
26.25 lb
52.5 lb
78.75 lb
105 lb
210 lb 525 lb 787.5 lb
1050 lb
80 12 lb
30 lb
60 lb
90 lb
120 lb
240 lb 600 lb 900 lb 1200 lb
90 13.5 lb
33.75 lb
67.5 lb
101.25 lb
135 lb
270 lb 675 lb 1012.5 lb
1350 lb
100 15 lb
37.5 lb
75.0 lb
112.5 lb
150 lb
300 lb 750 lb 1125 lb 1500 lb
Note: lb = pound(s) of dry chemical
 
Increasing alkalinity, using bicarbonate of soda in a SPA
ppm Increase Desired
100 gal.
150 gal.
250 gal.
500 gal.
750 gal.
1000 gal.
10 1 1/4 ts
2 ts
4 ts
2 1/2 tb
1/4 cp
1/3 cp
20 1 tb
1 1/2 tb
2 1/2 tb
5 tb
1/3 cp
1/2 cp
30 1 1/2 tb
2 tb
3 1/2 tb
1/2 cp
2/3 cp
1 cp
40 2 tb
3 tb
1/3 cp
1/2 cp
3/4 cp
1 1/4 cp
50 2 1/2 tb
1/4 cp
1/3 cp
3/4 cp
1 cp
1 1/2 cp
60 3 tb
1/4 cp
1/2 cp
1 cp
1 1/3 cp
1 3/4 cp
70 3 1/2 tb
1/3 cp
1/2 cp
1 cp
1 1/2 cp
2 cp
80 1/4 cp
1/3 cp
1/2 cp
1 1/4 cp
1 3/4 cp
2 1/2 cp
90 1/3 cp
1/2 cp
2/3 cp
1 1/3 cp
2 cp
2 3/4 cp
100 1/3 cp
1/2 cp
3/4 cp
1 1/2 cp
2 1/4 cp
3 cp
Note: ts = teaspoon, tb = tablespoon, cp = one cup (8 Fl. oz.)
 
Decreasing alkalinity, using Muriatic Acid in a SWIMMING POOL
ppm Increase Desired
10,000 gal. 25,000 gal. 50,000 gal. 75,000 gal. 100,000 gal. 200,000 gal. 500,000 gal. 750,000 gal. 1,000,000 gal.
10 1.30 pt
1.62 qt
3.25 qt
1.22 gl
1.62 gl
3.25 gl
8.13 gl
12.20 gl
16.25 gl
20 1.30 pt
3.25 qt
1.62 gl
2.43 gl
3.25 gl
7.50 gl
16.20 gl
24.30 gl
32.50 gl
30 1.95 qt
1.22 gl
2.44 gl
3.66 gl
4.88 gl
9.76 gl
24.40 gl
36.60 gl
48.80 gl
40 2.60 qt
1.63 gl
3.25 gl
4.87 gl
6.50 gl
13.00 gl
32.50 gl
48.70 gl
65.00 gl
50 3.25 qt
2.03 gl
4.07 gl
6.10 gl
8.14 gl
16.28 gl
40.70 gl
61.00 gl
81.40 gl
60 3.90 qt
2.44 gl
4.88 gl
7.32 gl
9.76 gl
19.52 gl
48.80 gl
73.20 gl
97.60 gl
70 1.14 gl
2.84 gl
5.69 gl
8.54 gl
11.38 gl
22.76 gl
56.90 gl
85.40 gl
113.80 gl
80 1.30 gl
3.25 gl
6.50 gl
9.75 gl
13.00 gl
26.00 gl
65.00 gl
97.50 gl
130.00 gl
90 1.46 gl
3.66 gl
7.31 gl
10.96 gl
14.62 gl
29.24 gl
73.10 gl
109.60 gl
146.20 gl
100 1.63 gl
4.06 gl
8.12 gl
12.18 gl
16.24 gl
32.48 gl
81.20 gl
121.80 gl
162.40 gl
120 1.96 gl
4.88 gl
9.76 gl
14.64 gl
19.52 gl
39.00 gl
97.60 gl
146.40 gl
195.20 gl
150 2.44 gl
6.09 gl
12.18 gl
18.27 gl
24.40 gl
48.80 gl
121.80 gl
182.70 gl
244.00 gl
200 3.25 gl
8.12 gl
16.24 gl
24.36 gl
32.50 gl
65.00 gl
162.40 gl
243.60 gl
325.00 gl
Note: pt = one pint (16 fl oz) qt = one quart (32 fl oz) gl = one gallon (128 fl oz)
 
Decreasing alkalinity, using Muriatic Acid (HCI - 20 degrees Baume) in a SPA
ppm Increase Desired
100 gal.
150 gal.
250 gal.
500 gal.
750 gal.
1000 gal.
10 1 1/4 ts
2 ts
1 tb
2 tb
3 tb
1/4 cp
20 2 1/2 ts
4 ts
2 tb
1/4 cp
1/3 cp
1/2 cp
30 1 1/4 tb
2 tb
3 tb
1/3 cp
2/3 cp
3/4 cp
40 4 ts
2 1/2 tb
1/4 cp
1/2 cp
3/4 cp
1 cp
50 2 tb
3 tb
5 tb
2/3 cp
1 cp
1 1/3 cp
60 2 1/2 tb
1/4 cp
1/3 cp
3/4 cp
1 1/4 cp
1 1/2 cp
70 3 tb
1/4 cp
1/3 cp
3/4 cp 1 1/3 cp
1 3/4 cp
80 3 1/2 tb
1/3 cp
1/2 cp
1 cp
1 1/2 cp
2 cp
90 1/4 cp
1/3 cp
1/2 cp
1 cp
1 2/3 cp
2 1/3 cp
100 1/4 cp
1/2 cp
2/3 cp
1 1/3 cp
2 cp
2 1/2 cp
Note: ts = teaspoon, tb = tablespoon, cp = one cup (8 Fl. oz.)
 
Decreasing alkalinity, using Sodium Bisulfate in a SWIMMING POOL
ppm Increase Desired
10,000 gal. 25,000 gal. 50,000 gal. 75,000 gal. 100,000 gal. 200,000 gal. 500,000 gal. 750,000 gal. 1,000,000 gal.
10 1.6 lb
4 lb
8 lb
12 lb
16 lb
32 lb
80 lb
120 lb
160 lb
20 3.2 lb
8 lb
16.0 lb
24 lb
32 lb
64 lb
160 lb
240 lb
320 lb
30 4.8 lb
12 lb
24.0 lb
36 lb
48 lb
96 lb
240 lb
360 lb
480 lb
40 6.4 lb
16 lb
32.0 lb
48 lb
64 lb
128 lb
320 lb
480 lb
640 lb
50 8.0 lb
20 lb
40.0 lb
60 lb
80 lb
160 lb
400 lb
600 lb
800 lb
60 9.6 lb
24 lb
48.0 lb
72 lb
96 lb
192 lb
480 lb
720 lb
960 lb
70 11.2 lb
28 lb
56.0 lb
84 lb
112 lb
224 lb
560 lb
840 lb
1120 lb
80 12.8 lb 32 lb
64.0 lb
96 lb
128 lb
256 lb
640 lb
960 lb
1280 lb
90 14.4 lb
36 lb
72.0 lb
108 lb
144 lb
288 lb
720 lb
1080 lb
1440 lb
100 16.0 lb
40 lb
80.0 lb
120 lb
160 lb
320 lb
800 lb
1200 lb
1600 lb
120 19.2 lb
48 lb
96.0 lb
132 lb
192 lb
384 lb
960 lb
1320 lb
1920 lb
150 24.0 lb
60 lb
120.0 lb
180 lb
240 lb
480 lb
1200 lb
1800 lb
2400 lb
200 32.0 lb
80 lb
160.0 lb
240 lb
320 lb
640 lb
1600 lb
2400 lb
3200 lb
Note: lb = pound(s) dry chemical
 
Decreasing alkalinity, using Sodium Bisulfate in a SPA
ppm Increase Desired
100 gal.
150 gal.
250 gal.
500 gal.
750 gal.
1000 gal.
10 1 1/2 ts
2 1/2 ts
1 tb
2 1/2 tb
1/4 cp
1/3 cp
20 1 tb 1 1/2 tb
2 1/2 tb
1/3 tb
1/2 cp
2/3 cp
30 1 1/2 tb
2 1/2 tb
1/4 cp
1/2 cp
3/4 cp
1 cp
40 2 tb
3 tb
1/3 cp
2/3 cp
1 cp
1 1/4 cp
50 2 1/2 tb
1/4 cp
1/3 cp
3/4 cp
1 1/4 cp
1 1/2 cp
60 3 tb
4 1/2 tb
1/2 cp
1 cp
1 1/2 cp
2 cp
70 1/4 cp
1/3 cp
1/2 cp
1 cp 1 2/3 cp
2 1/4 cp
80 1/4 cp
1/3 cp
2/3 cp
1 1/4 cp
2 cp
2 1/2 cp
90 1/3 cp
1/2 cp
3/4 cp
1 1/2 cp
2 1/4 cp
3 cp
100 1/3 cp
1/2 cp
3/4 cp
1 2/3 cp
2 1/2 cp
3 1/4 cp
Note: ts = teaspoon, tb = tablespoon, cp = one cup (8 Fl. oz.)