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The pH range is used to measure the relative acid or base in the water. PH levels range from 0 to 14, with a pH of 7 being neutral. The ideal range for a pool's pH is between 7.2 to 7.8.
 
How pH works:
- pH is based on a scale from 0 to 14.
- A low pH means water is acidic (pH readings from 0 to 6.9).
- A high pH means water is basic (pH readings from 7.1 to 14).
- A pH of 7 is neutral.
 
Note that small changes in pH can make a big difference, because the pH scale is logarithmic, ie...
- A pH of 3 is 10 times more acidic than a pH of 4.
- A pH of 4 is 10 times more acidic than a pH of 5.
- But a pH of 3 is 100 (10 x 10) times more acidic than a pH of 5.
- Acid has a pH between 0 and 1. It is approximately 10,000,000 times more acidic than pool water kept between 7.2 and 7.8.
 
Testing pH:
Results if pH is UNBALANCED:
pH is too high:    
Pool problem People problem Chlorine problem
- Corrosion of metal parts - Eye burn - Rapid chlorine dissipation
- Etching of plaster - Skin irritation  
- Wrinkling of vinyl    
     
pH is too low:    
Pool problem People problem Chlorine problem
- Scale formation - Eye burn - Chlorine efficiency drops
- Cloudy water
- Skin irritation  
- Staining    
 
The following affects the balance of pH:
Chlorine:
- Gas chlorine - lowers pH.
- Sodium hypochlorite - raises pH.
- Adding chemicals.
- Calcium hypochlorite - raises pH.
- Lithium hypochlorite - raises pH slightly.
- Dichlor - nearly neutral.
- Trichlor - lowers pH slightly.
- Adding NEW water.
 
Other substances:
- Rain & dust.
- Fresh plaster.
- Algae growth.
- Swimmers & their wastes.
 
To RAISE pH, use Orca Pacific's pH Increaser.
To LOWER pH, use Orca Pacific's pH Decreaser.